Sungrazing Comet Turns to Cosmic Mud in Dramatic Halloween No-Present

A newly found comet met its demise throughout a dangerously shut encounter with the Solar, breaking up into chunks and destroying any hope of being noticed for Halloween.

NASA and the European House Company’s Photo voltaic and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) noticed Comet C/2024 S1 (ATLAS) because it made its closest method to the Solar on Monday. The affectionately nicknamed Halloween Comet’s final moments have been captured by SOHO because it raced in the direction of the star and violently disintegrated into smaller fragments.

Wheeeeee! ☄️

ESA/NASA’s Solar-watching SOHO spacecraft spied comet C/2024 S1 ATLAS (getting into from backside proper) because it darted towards the Solar.

The comet reached its perihelion, or closest method of the Solar, at the moment at 7:30am ET. pic.twitter.com/T7kvthWOPe

— NASA Solar & House (@NASASun) October 28, 2024

“This comet was possible already a rubble pile by the point it entered SOHO’s subject of view,” Karl Battams, principal investigator for the LASCO instrument suite on SOHO and lead for NASA’s Sungrazer Mission, is quoted as saying on X.

It’s disappointing information for sky watchers who had hoped to see the comet streak throughout the skies this week, simply in time for the spooky vacation. Nevertheless, the comet’s ugly demise does stay as much as its nickname.

The Hawaii-based ATLAS (Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Final Alert System) survey first noticed the comet on September 27, and it rapidly gained notoriety for its potential to put on a spectacular show in the night skies. Astronomers believed that the comet can be seen to the unaided eye because it approaches perihelion, or its closest distance to the Solar, at 7:30 a.m. ET on October 28.

Throughout its closest method to the Solar, Comet C/2024 S1 got here as shut as 1% of the space between Earth and the Solar. Sadly, the comet didn’t survive its encounter with the star, failing to indicate off its shiny tail to us Earthlings. In truth, it was already doomed earlier than it obtained there. “Over the previous few days, it has damaged into chunks because it approached the Solar,” NASA wrote on X.

However, Comet C/2023 A3 (Tsuchinan-Atlas), a comet originating from the Oort Cloud that was found by China’s Tsuchinshan Observatory in January 2023, survived its personal perihelion on September 27, and was seen within the skies to the unaided eye. This comet, nevertheless, solely got here a few third of the space between Earth and the Solar, in response to NASA.

Comet C/2024 S1 belongs to a gaggle of comets generally known as Kreutz sungrazers, named for his or her attribute shut method to the Solar at perihelion. Astronomer Heinrich Kreutz was the primary to note that the group of comets share related orbits, coming inside a really shut distance to the Solar. The Kreutz sungrazers possible all got here from a giant comet that broke aside years in the past, and so they all are typically on the smaller aspect. That’s why throughout their shut method to the Solar, the sungrazers both fully disintegrate or crash into the star. Some fortunate comets, nevertheless, do survive the shut encounter.

Most famously, Comet Lovejoy, found in 2011, survived its perihelion and emitted a novel blue and inexperienced glow that lit up the night time skies. Sadly, that didn’t final for very lengthy because the comet’s nucleus disintegrated only a few days after its encounter with the Solar. In 1965, comet Ikeya-Seki was found by two beginner astronomers from Japan. The comet additionally survived its rendezvous with the Solar, and reached a brightness magnitude of -11, or almost as shiny as a half-Moon, and have become seen to the unaided eye.

If it had survived its shut method to the Solar, the Halloween Comet would have reached a brightness magnitude of -7. That’s brighter than Venus, the brightest planet within the photo voltaic system, which has a magnitude of -4.6. We missed out on a very good present, however the comet will nonetheless go down in historical past as a spooky legend.